Freshmen Should Be Required to Live in the Dorms Essay

Freshmen Should Be Required to Live in the Dorms - Essay Example As well as Studies show, students who live on campus perform better academically than students living at home, said Michael Coakley, associate dean of student affairs and executive director of housing. Coakley added â€Å"National and institutional studies have continually shown that students who live in school housing for their first year of study have significantly higher retention rates, graduates according to the school calendar, and have greater involvement in campus life,† Campus housing not only provides academic and social benefit to the freshmen but also has advantages of free and available food, just like home even though it does not taste good like home food, but at least they know they have available ready-made food when needed. Also, there is a warm place to live, sleep, study and save, oppose to the student who stay outside campus, they will have to balance between studies and household chores like buying and cooking food, and paying bills i.e. electricity, water . One cannot serve two masters at a time (studies vs. household chores); therefore, freshmen students should live in campus in order to save resources like money and use it for something else like business, clothing, partying, or donations. Living outside campus especially as a freshman, students miss campus life experiences like dorms offer support and learning experiences, in such a way students who wants to study late in the libraries can do so, without worrying about taxi, train fares, or security like mugged, raped, or worse murdered on the way home. I believe living at school makes one socially prepared for life since they will be able to learn to be independent away from their parents, meet many people with a common interest as theirs, above all a friend a person make in college will often be friends for life. Living in campus will also allow them to join extra curriculum activities like clubs and sports, which allow students to step out from their comfort zone and experience new interest giving room for social connection and bonding. Though, many students complain about overcrowding in dorms, annoying roommates, noises and denial of freedom, freshmen are young adults, and they need to know that in every institution globally there are different individuals with different personalities, beliefs and cultures. Therefore, in order to survive, they need to deal with different people and situation. Nevertheless, rules are everywhere to be followed. Young people need rules, which remind them of their misleading acts, being shown where to live is not some kind of juvenile treatment and lack of freedom to choose, but on the brighter side, it works like a charm by reducing financial hardship to students who came from other states or under scholarships/ bursaries. Students should live in their dormitories during the first year because it allows them to network with other students easily. It has been proven through various social science studies that students with strong networking skills prove to be more successful in their careers as opposed to independent or isolated individuals. Networking also provides students with skills on problem solving and decision making in issues they face in life. Therefore, to obtain knowledge for lifelong success individuals need to live with career-oriented colleagues. The disadvantages of campus housing are some students may be

In the novel of Mice and Men show how Steinbeck represents the theme of loneliness Essay Example for Free

In the novel of Mice and Men show how Steinbeck represents the theme of loneliness Essay The name of the author of this novel is John Steinbeck. He wrote this novel in 1936 and it was published in 1937. The novel is set in a ranch, which is near the town of Soledad, California. Steinbeck got the name for his novel from a poem by Robert Burns called To a mouse, on turning her up in her nest with the plough. At the time this novel was written America was in the period of the Great Depression. This meant people could not find many permanent jobs and so had to travel around the country looking for work. This meant that the workers were sometimes away from their families for a long time and had to travel alone just to try make some money. This was a very bad period in the American history with a high rate of suicide and many people got bankrupt. Usually the workers would stay in a job for a few weeks after which they would travel to find another job, this meant they did not have much time to make friends and so often were very lonely. The main characters in of Mice and Men are George and Lennie. The story is based around them and their time at the ranch. Some of the other important characters are Slim, Curly, Curlys wife and Candy. This novel has many themes in it which include loneliness, the dreams of the workers and also apartheid and sexism. Some of the characters who are lonely are Curlys wife and Crooks. These two are lonely because first of all Crooks is as Black person and at the time Black people did not have the same rights as White people. This meant that Crooks had no one to talk to and usually had to spend time by himself. After a while of spending time completely on his own Crooks thinks that he could be going crazy and he really wants some company. I know this because in chapter four Crooks is talking to Lennie and he say, I seen things out here. I wasnt drunk. I dont know if I was asleep. If some guy was with me, he could tell me I was asleep, an then it would be all right. But I just dont know. This shows that Crooks has been on his own for too long, and now he is not even sure of what is real and what is not. Crooks does not have any dreams because he has been at the ranch for a long time and has seen many peoples dreams destroyed. Another person who is lonely is Candys wife. She is lonely because she is a woman and so none of the men really talk to her. Also because she is the only woman on the ranch she has no other women to talk to either. This means she gets very lonely, however she does try talk to the men sometimes, but this has a bad affect. This is because the men think she is some type of whore or a slut who is trying to manipulate or use them in some way. This is unfair on Curlys wife because they do not know her and all she wants is some company. Also Curlys wife is from the city and so does not know how to do the ranch work and so she usually has to stay in the house on her own. Candy does not like Curlys wife because he thinks she is a tart. The ranch in the novel is near a town called Soledad, however because there are no buildings or people very close to the ranch itself, people inside only have each other to talk to and because Curlys wife is the only female she has no one to talk to and so feels isolated. This is also the case for Crooks because he is the only Black person on the ranch. In the novel, George is a migrant worker who has been traveling around America doing odd jobs with his fellow companion Lennie. George is a small man with small strong hands, dark face and sharp restless eyes. From his description I can see that George is a clever and careful character. Lennie on the other hand is a big man with large pale eyes, and sloping shoulders. His movement had a bear like quality and the way he is described in the novel makes him sound like an animal. George and Lennie travel together because they are friends and have known each other a long time. Also it would be better then traveling alone, because they would have no other companions and so would be lonely. At the start of the novel George and Lennie are in a natural clearing a few miles away from the ranch. They have not got any money because they had to buy bus tickets and had to flee the last town because Lennie got into trouble. George and Lennie have a good friendship but at times it seems that it is a relationship between and father and son. George seems to take the roll of the father and Lennie the son. Even though George complains about Lennie and says that he would be much better off without Lennie, he still needs Lennie for companionship. I know this because in chapter one George says, God a mighty, if I was alone I could live so easy. I could go get a job a job an work, an no trouble. This shows that George sometimes does wish he is alone because Lennie is sometimes just too much trouble and he thinks that if he didnt have to look after Lennie then he wouldnt have all this money trouble. Although, even though he sometimes wishes that Lennie wasnt around he knows that he couldnt live without him. I know this because when Lennie tells George that he can leave if George wants him to and says he can go live in the hills. George apologizes to Lennie for shouting at him and tells him to stay with him. George and Lennie both share a dream. Their dream is to own a piece of their own land where they can live and feed themselves. This is the American dream. For George and Lennie the dream makes them think they are different to the other workers. George tells Lennie how most workers make some money then spend it all in some brothel or bar He then tells Lennie how they are different. He tells him how they have each other and they have a dream that they are working towards. For George and Lennie their dream is very important because it is a way they are getting through life. The dream gives them hope, and that is one human feature that always seems to make people believe that everything will be ok and they will be happy. John Steinbeck shows that their dream is an ideal because it is just too perfect. The dream is about George and Lennie having their own land on which they will have rabbits, a cow and grow vegetables. Also the ways Lennie describes the rabbits shows that it is just a fantasy. He says they will be all different colours, like yellow and green. The readers know that this is impossible and yet they sympathize with Lennie because of his child like innocence. In chapter four George is with the rest of the men at a brothel called Susys. Even though they have gone there to get some relief after the long day they have had, it is quite hypocritical of George to be going to this brothel because he says that he is not one of the men who just goes there and spends all his money. Although we are not told if he does spend any money there it is quite likely he does spend some. This means he is being a hypocrite. In chapter four Lennie goes into Crooks room without being invited. In this chapter Lennie is in Crooks control and when Crooks starts telling Lennie that George has left him and wont come back Lennie believes him and then gets angry. Crooks calms him down because Lennie can be very dangerous when he gets angry or upset. After a while Candy comes in and he and Lennie start telling Crooks about their dream and how it will come true. Even though George told them not to tell anyone they tell Crooks anyway because he is Black and they think it wont matter if he knows. Candy is an old man who has been at the ranch for a long time. He has been allowed to stay there because his hand was cut off in one of the machines at the ranch. At the ranch he works as a floor sweeper. Candy is lonely because he is considered just to be an old man and none of the workers really talk to him that much. He did have a dog which was very important to him because he was his only companion and he had owned the dog since it was a puppy, unfortunately for him the dog became too old and so had to be shot. Also it hurt him more because he was not able to shoot him and the dog was shot by someone else. Crooks is lonely because he is a Black person and on the ranch he is the only one. They do not let him stay in the barn with the rest of the workers and so he has no one to talk to. He only has his books and they are very important to him because they are a form of companionship. Crooks and Candy are both lonely because they have no one who they can really talk with and make friends with. In chapter four they have been left behind while the rest go to Susys cathouse because Candy is considered to be too old and Crooks is Black and so cannot go into many places. Candy gets involved in George and Lennies dream because after his dog gets shot, Candy over hears George and Lennie talking about it and asks them if he could be apart of it. He says he is willing to pay and pays much more ten both George and Lennie combined. This dream gives Candy new hope and therefore feels livelier. When Crooks first hears about the dream he is quite critical about it but the further he hears about it the more convinced he becomes. However he has seen too many peoples dreams broken and so he says he does not want to be apart of it. Steinbeck shows that without dreams people have no hope and without hope life seems to be worthless. He shows that people need dreams, however farfetched they are, so that they feel they have goals and something to look forward to. Crooks has a more realistic attitude towards dreams, he says in chapter four that dreams get destroyed and it ruins people lives. I can show this because he says, an every damn one of ems got a little piece of land in his head. An never a god-damn one of em ever gets it. This is proof that Crooks is more realistic and he knows how the world works. He knows that people never seem to make their dreams come true. Curlys wife is quite young and beautiful. She is lonely because she has no one to talk to. She married Curly because she was upset with her mother and so does not really love Curly. She is a trophy wife for Curly. In chapter four she is the one in charge of all the misfits. She knows this and so she behaves quite badly and is mean to Crooks. When Crooks tells her to get out she tells him to be quiet or she will get him hanged. She tells him that all she has to do is scream rape and he will be hanged. This shows that Curlys wife also has an evil side. In this novel Steinbeck is sexist to women. He does not even give Curlys wife a name, and makes her look like a tart. Also most of the other characters think she is a bad woman, George gives her names such as jail-bait and tart. Curlys wife also has a dream. Her dream is to become a star and become rich and famous. She is quite gullible, we know this because she tells Lennie about a man telling her he would take her to Hollywood and make her a star, but in reality he just wanted her. Curlys wifes loneliness leads to her to own death because she is so desperate to talk to someone she starts to talk to Lennie. Lennie has a childlike mind and so does not really understand her and they both talk about two different things, but for Curlys wife just being with someone is good enough. She then lets him stroke her hair and when Lennie does not let go, she starts screaming, this makes Lennie confused and frightened and so he suffocates her. The writer has shown loneliness in this novel through the actions the characters take and the things they say. Some of the similarities between the lonely characters are that, that both Crooks and Candy are treated differently. This leads to them wanting to get involved in George and Lennies dream. Also Curlys wife is similar to these two characters because she is a woman, but between the three characters she is the most powerful one. Lennie and Candy are similar because they are both coping with life through their dreams. The writer is saying that loneliness is a curse itself and people react in different ways to it. He is trying to say that humans cannot survive when they are lonely and sometimes can go crazy. The novel of Mice and Men is a tragedy and the writer shows that George and Lennies friendship is doomed from the start. He shows that even though they need each other they will never be successful with their dream. With Lennies death the dream is over for both George and Candy. Without Lennie George will have no companionship and so he will be the same as the rest of the migrant workers. George shot Lennie because even though Lennie did not realize it, he had committed a crime and taken a persons life. George knew that Lennie had gone too far this time and knew that he had no other choice. Also he did not want the others to find him because they would have made him suffer and George would not have been able to see that happen. I think that in some ways he did do the right thing because if he let the others find Lennie they would have put him through trials and tortured him, however maybe he should have let the justice system deal with the case instead of taking matters into his own hands. The theme of loneliness in this novel is a very good reflection of the social and economic settings of the 1930s. I think this because many of the issues it covers are typical of the 1930s, such as racism and sexism.

Pearl Harbor Conspiracy :: essays research papers

â€Å"It was very apparent to everyone who had carefully followed the course of events that we would sooner or later have to meet the threat to civilization which these aggressor nations were presenting to the world†¦and that we would ultimately be left to face the onslaught alone†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are words from then Secretary of War Henry Stimson. America knew she was headed for war, her people though, not directly feeling the effects of the conflicts going on half a world away would not support the loss of American lives for a foreign war. The government knew about the planned attacks on Pearl Harbor, kept the information from the military leaders that needed it the most, and used the tragedy to rally the nation toward war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"AIR RAID ON PEARL HARBOR. THIS IS NO DRILL.† This is the message sent out by radioman Kyle Boyer at 7:58 a.m. Sunday December 7, 1941; a date which will live in infamy. The empire of Japan had attacked the United States’ Pacific Fleet based in Pearl Harbor. For months the US Intelligence community, as well as others around the world, had been intercepting and decoding transmissions from mainland Japan to their diplomats and spies in the US. We had cracked their Purple Code, and knew exactly what military intelligence was being transmitted back and forth. The Dutch also cracked Purple and informed our government of the Japanese plan and were shocked to hear reports that we were taken by surprised. Even more disturbing, months before the attack a British double agent, Dusko Popov, codenamed Tricycle, turned over to the F.B.I. detailed plans of the Japanese air raid, which he had obtained from the Germans. The government had the information, and d id nothing with it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The people who needed the information the most, Admiral Kimmel, commander-in-chief us pacific fleet, and General Walter Short, the army commander in Hawaii, were kept out of the loop. Why would the military keep such pertinent information from its leaders in Hawaii? Some would argue they hid the information so the Japanese would not know their code was broken. I wonder if the 2,000+ service men and civilians that died that day would share the same concern. Admiral Kimmel had been complaining about shortages of personnel, planes, and radar for months. General Short did not even know he had a special Army monitoring station on the island, and was not even cleared to see the decrypted messages known as Magic.

Lithium :: essays research papers

In 1817, an aging Swedish chemist was pouring over his work on a late afternoon in Stockholm, Sweden. He was analyzing a strange ore named Petalite that had been procured from an island off the coast of Sweden called Utà ¶. The ore Petalite (which is now recognized to be LiAl(Si2O5)2) had been discovered by a Brazilian scientist, Josà © Bonifà ¡cio de Andrada e Silva towards the end of the 18th century on a visit to Sweden. This Swedish scientist, Johann August Arfvedson, detected traces of an unknown substance in his sample of Petalite. This was the first discovery of Lithium. From the Greek word "lithos" meaning "stone", it was so named due to the fact that it was discovered from a mineral source; whereas the other two common Group 1 elements, Sodium and Potassium, were found in plant sources. Its symbol, Li, was taken directly from its name. Soon after stumbling upon Lithium, Arfvedson also found traces of the metal in the minerals Spodumene and Lepidolite. In 1818, C.G. Gmelin discovered that Lithium salts color flames a bright red. Neither, Gmelin or Arfvedson, however, were able to isolate the element itself from the Lithium salts. They both tried to reduce the oxide by heating it with Iron or Carbon, but neither met with the success of W.T. Brande and Sir Humphrey Davy. They managed to perform the first isolation of elemental Lithium by the electrolysis of Lithium oxide. Electrolysis is a chemical reaction, which is brought about by the passage of current from an external energy source such as a battery. In 1855, the scientists Bu nsen and Mattiessen isolated larger quantities of the metal by electrolysis of Lithium chloride. Each scientist or team of scientists had so much trouble reducing the Lithium compounds because Lithium does not exist in its elemental form in nature. It combines very easily with other elements. Lithium is a soft silvery-white lustrous metal, which can be easily cut with a knife, and it is the lightest of all known metals. It is highly reactive with water and air, and tarnishes readily when exposed to the latter due to a formation of a layer of Lithium suboxide on its surface. Because of its high rate of reaction to air, it must be stored under liquid paraffin, oil, or kerosene, which contain no air, to prevent oxidation. Lithium is detected in its compounds by the characteristic red coloration that it imparts to flames when burned, as Gmelin detected, and by spectroscopic methods.

Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Counterproductive Work Behaviour Essay

Organisational behaviour is the study of human behaviour in the workplace, the interaction between people and the organisation, and organisation itself (Dubrin 2002, p. 2). In most of the organisational behaviour literature review, the following five types of behaviours are often highlighted- task performance, organisational citizenship, counterproductive work behaviours, joining and staying with the organisation and work attendance (McShane, Olekalns & Travaglione, 2009). These individual-level dependent variables are present in most OB research which has a significant impact on the effectiveness of organisations. In my following essay, I will be highlighting on two of the above factors-mainly Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) and Counterproductive Work Behaviour (CWB). I will be discussing on how various authors agree that different personalities and positive affectivity levels contributes to the emergence of OCB and that how different authors view the stand of considering all OCB as voluntary acts based on own accord. In addition, I will also be discussing the issue in which a consensus has been reached by most authors that job dissatisfaction is one contributing factor of CWB and that CWB, being defined as harmful in nature, has been challenged by some authors to be a justifiable act. OCB Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) has been defined as individual behavior that is discretionary, not directly or explicitly recognized by the formal reward system, and that in the aggregate promotes the effective functioning of the organization (Organ, cited in Vigoda-Gadot, 2006, p. 3) or as individual behavior that promotes the goals of the organization by contributing to its social and psychological environment (Organ; Rotundo & Sackett, cited in Vigoda-Gadot, 2006, p. 3). Personality and Positive Affectivity Personality refers to the enduring, inner characteristics of individuals that organise their behaviour (Derlega et al, cited in Rothmann & Cooper, 2008, p. 24) and personality traits predict what a person will do as opposed to what he or she can do (Rothmann & Cooper 2008, p. 24). As such, it is agreed that citizenship performance is well predicted by personality variables (Penner, Allen, & Motowidlo, 2001; Hurtz & Donovan, cited in Barrick & Ryan 2003). It is also stated that differences in citizenship performance by the employees are clearly tied to the differences in their personalities and attitudes (Landy & Conte 2004) and feelings about their work, also known as affects (Lee & Allen 2002). I came across this survey done by (Bierhoff, Klein & Kramp, ed. Murphy 1996) in which ‘first aiders’ who rushed to the aid of the accident victims almost immediately scored lower on a measure of egocentrism- the absorption with one self’s lives and family. They also scored higher on a measure of empathy in which they expressed a greater level of concern for others (ed. Murphy 1996). From the above results, I feel that various personality factors do influence the tendency of one to render help to others thereby performing citizenship performance which benefits the organisation as a whole. In addition to the above, I have learnt that the higher the level of positive affect, the higher the level of willingness to help is in individuals (ed. Murphy 1996). Besides the helping behaviour, I have also learnt that maintaining a positive mood in the course of our work may also inadvertently lead us to performing extra role behaviours (e.g.: protecting the organisation and developing oneself in terms of upgrading one’s skills to the benefit of the organisation) (George and Brief, cited in Lee & Allen, 2002). To my surprise, I found that positive affect is not just influenced on a personal level but also due to external environmental factors. These include the differences in shades of lightings at our workplaces (Baron et al, cited in ed. Murphy 1996) and even presence of pleasant smelling artificial fragrances in our workplaces (Baron & Bronfen 1994, cited in ed. Murphy 1996). Performed based on free will? Most of the recent studies and researches on OCB have pointed out that it is based on voluntary helping behaviours. However, (Vigoda-Gadot E 2006, p. 1 ) pointed out on focusing on the exploitative and abusive tendency of supervisors and managements to impose so-called ‘‘voluntary’’ or ‘‘extra-role† activities via compulsory mechanisms in the workplace, thereby refuting the conventional definition of OCB being performed based on ‘good will’ and free choice. In fact, some of these behaviours categorised under OCB may well be categorised under Compulsory Citizenship Behavior (CCB) (Vigoda-Gadot 2006, p. 1). By reviewing the Expectancy Theory (Griffin & Ebert 2005, p. 246) in which people are motivated to work towards rewards that they want and that they believe they have a reasonable chance or expectancy of obtaining it in mind, I have actually agreed with the view that there is much possibility that OCB can also arise from other motives, some of them less voluntary or less self-initiated. Among these motivations are the abusive and exploitative behavior of immediate supervisors and the pressure by management or peers to become involved in activities in which the employee would otherwise not involve himself (Tepper, cited in Vigoda-Gadot 2006, p. 3). CWB Counterproductive Work Behaviours (CWB) is defined as voluntary behaviours that have the potential to directly or indirectly harm the organisation (McShane, Olekalns & Travaglione T, 2009, p. 18). Job Dissatisfaction Job dissatisfaction is defined as a set of unfavourable feelings and emotions with which employees view their work (Newstrom & Davis 1997, p. 255). It seems that authors have a consensus on job dissatisfaction contributing to the emergence and high levels of CWB. It is stated that dissatisfied employees may engage in psychological withdrawal (e.g.: daydreaming during job), physical withdrawal (eg: unauthorized absence, early departures, extended breaks, work slowdowns) or even overt acts of aggression and retaliation for presumed wrong. There are many factors influencing job dissatisfaction which includes organisational factors like pay and promotion opportunities and the working condition itself. Group factors like the role of supervisor and co-workers; personal factors like needs and aspiration and how are these met, and how individuals views he instrumental benefits of the job also contributes to job dissatisfaction( Rothmann & Cooper 2008, p. 24). Though I am in agreement that job dissatisfaction is a strong contributor to the performance of CWB, I feel that CWB may also be induced by other factors like accumulated work stress leading to the emergence of violence which is one form of CWB. Similarly, theft cases in the company, which is another form of CWB, may just be a personal justification of the employees due to a perception of lost equity in the course of their work (Newstrom & Davis 1997). Justifiable Act Various authors held on to their individual stands regarding the topic on CWB. In most of my readings, authors agreed that CWB are actually harmful acts towards either individuals or towards the organisation itself. However, (Fox 2002) had presented a different point of view discussing the view that CWB may could well be a justifiable act which is clearly challenging the most conventional definition of CWB which is being negative in nature. (Fox 2002, p. 2) expanded the definition of CWB to include unintentional harm, as long as the act itself is volitional- an act which is motivated by other reasons to cause harm. Hence with this expanded definition, it raises the possibility of constructive CWB. In their article, they have considered on 3 categories of arguments which are moral issues, role conflicts and productivity arguments. I personally feel strongly for the argument on role conflicts. Many of the withdrawal behaviours may be seen as counterproductive in the perspective of managers or even organisations. However, these behaviours shown may be required to be fulfilled by the employees in the perspectives of their family and even the community. Putting in simpler terms, employees may be expected by the society to perform these behaviours so as to be able to strike a work-life balance. Hence, I feel that CWB should not be seen as just a negative behaviour which is purely deviant from an organisation’s objectives as I strongly feel for the presence of positive CWB. Key Findings In this modern age, to adapt and survive in a workplace, other than equipping oneself with the generic skill of problem solving, it is also vital to place great importance on understanding fellow colleagues as this will lead to self knowledge and self insight (Dubrin 2002, p. 4). By understanding what motivates others to perform OCB through the study of organisational behaviour, it will also in turn allow employees to gain an understanding on what motivates them to have similar behaviours. Inadvertently, this may bring them to a greater level of job satisfaction which also leads to greater organisational effectiveness as a whole. In addition, studying organisational behaviours enhances a professional or manager’s effectiveness relating to their interpersonal skills. Hence, if solid interpersonal skills are added on to one’s professional or managerial knowledge, it will certainly be a bonus towards an organisation’s overall service and productivity. Hence, information about organisational behaviours is vital to be known to the employees in organisations. Reflection If I were given a chance to assume the role of manager in an organisation, the notion of having OCB being induced by compulsion as mentioned earlier on will certainly be omitted by me as I feel that though it is an important goal of managers everywhere to make employees aware of the benefits of OCB and ideally, encourage it, it is far more important to conduct it through a legitimate way and not by other means such as abusive or exploitative activities. In this way, I believe conventional OCB will indeed be truly promoted as the employees will be serving and going the extra mile for the organisation in the most genuine way as I agree with the view that a person who engages in OCB might receive appreciation and recognition that induce positive moods and there will be a greater likelihood of repeating the OCB (Miles et al, cited in Zirgham 2009, p. 85) which will greatly benefit the organisation. A discrepancy often exists among managers and employees about the definition of certain work tasks being â€Å"in-role† or â€Å"extra-role†. Each behaviour may be different for different people as every employee in an organization perceives job requirements differently (e.g.: for service sectors), helping others may be a routine, but some may see it as beyond their job scope. By acknowledging this in the position of an employee, I will be able to anticipate this possible occurrence of conflict between managers and employees and thus, expand the boundaries for the definition of my job scope. In this way, I believe that my chances of managerial exploitation and workplace abuse by supervisors to perform compulsive OCB will be reduced to the minimum. Conclusion OCB is a stable behaviour emerging in workplaces and it will always act as a value adding criterion in one’s performance. However, it will only act as a value adding criterion only when it is performed through the free choice of employees and not by coercion means and negative external pressures. Thus, we have to be aware and alert so as to preserve the original positive results of OCB being performed, leading to a more successful and healthy establishment of an organisation. CWB is always seen as a conduct having an adverse relationship with OCB. However, as the saying goes- there are always two sides to the same coin; we should probably broaden our perspectives in our view towards CWB and accept the notion that CWB may not be necessary all detrimental in nature.

Rant on Teenage Love Essays

Rant on Teenage Love Essays Rant on Teenage Love Paper Rant on Teenage Love Paper In today’s society, teenage love is looked upon as a subject for many different opinions. Most adults assume that teenagers are immature to understand love. As a teenager, I believe that everyone in this world is capable to love no matter how old they are. Love for family and friends are no different from the love we have towards another individual. However relationships between two teenagers are often negatively judged by others. I strongly agree that humanity was made to love at no particular age. I dont see how age has anything to do with maturity either. Ive seen plenty of adults who have no wisdom and make more mistakes then the average teenager. Love is a human quality that all individual needs and is something we cannot live without in this world. Adults commonly stand against teenage love because they most likely have fallen in love as teenagers and got their hearts broken. Now as adults, they wish that someone had told them the consequences that they are trying to tell us now. It’s likely that most adults have made mistakes in love when they were teenagers that they can never go back and fix and therefore feel empathy for teenagers. Adults are often projecting their own losses and fears onto teenage relationships. Teenagers need experiences in love to help them understand more about what love truly is. If we go through unsuccessful relationships, it will help strengthen us physically, mentally and emotionally. I also trust that relationships will lead us to make better choices in the future. â€Å"The important thing is this: to be able, at any moment, to sacrifice what we are for what we could become. † Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. This quote establishes that love is about sacrificing and receiving knowledge in return. Most adults who are against teenage love are parents who have teenagers. These parents may not be prepared for their child to be in a relationship because they are over-protective. There’s nothing wrong with protecting your child however when you are over-protective, it may cause negative effects. For instance, some parents undermine their children’s confidence in their own abilities to take care of themselves and get things done. As well, adults who are over-protective are actually encouraging their child’s fear of failure such that they are denied the chance to learn how to persevere. I dont think that being overprotective really does teenagers any favors as far as how we’ll survive in the real world when we grow up and dont have their parents with us all the time. We will have to make decisions for ourselves. In other words, teenagers need these chances to experience more in and around love. Love is a beautiful thing that everyone should be encouraged to experience. Teenagers should not be held back from love because of our age or others and their opinions.

Arab Israeli Conflict essays

Arab Israeli Conflict essays Fighting intensifies during the last few days of British rule. The tel aviv-jerusalem road was repeatedly being tried to be cut off by the Arabian forces to prevent Jews of Jerusalem getting to the coast. 14th may 1948 Ben Gurion announced Israelis existence and the neighbouring Arab governments responded with war. 30000 Arab soldiers then invaded Palestine and although they outnumbered the Jews, lack of organisation between the Arabs and distrust with the leaders caused them to fail. King Abdullah of Jordan had overall control. He wanted to control Jerusalem and the west bank. His forces fought for the areas but lost as the Israelis resisted fiercely with the support of the US and soviet On 11th June, UN arranged a month long truce. 7 July truce ended. On the 17th of July, another truce was announced, but this truce ended when Israeli troops attacked Egyptian Forces. Israel took the coastal strip between tel aviv and Gaza and drove Arab forces out of northern Palestine. By early 1949, Israel controlled all of Palestine, except for the Gaza strip and the west bank Arab armies were forced to admit defeat. On the 24th of February 1949, an armistice agreement was signed between Israel and Egypt. - A Jewish state was established within a territory controlled by Jewish - Large numbers of Jewish migrants moved to the new state. - Only the Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem and the West Bank remained outside - The majority of Arab Palestinians fled Israel and became refugees. Only a minority remained under Jewish control. - Governments of Arab states were humiliated by the defeat. Arab leaders were discredited and lost power as a result. - Government of Syria was overthrown in 1949 - King Abdullah of Jordan was assassinated in 1951 - King Farouk of Egypt, lost power in 1952 - Israel Occupied most the land granted to the Arabs in 1948 - 280,000 Palestinians moved to the eastern section of Pales...

Why I Want to Study Business Essay Essays

Why I Want to Study Business Essay Essays Why I Want to Study Business Essay Paper Why I Want to Study Business Essay Paper A business essay is a type of written assignments, which encompasses a variety of essay centered around the topic of business. As is often the case, the authors of these assignments have to reflect on the issue of entrepreneurs activity. Exist various formulations of the topics related to the concept of business. One of the most widespread variants is â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay. It belongs to the type of academic papers which demands from a writer an extensive piece of info illustrating his point of view. Students of colleges and universities studying subjects related to entrepreneur activity receive these tasks regularly. They have to prepare an essay and express their vision of business issues and this direction of activity in general. The main task of the author working on this assignment is to express one’s thoughts and explain why a person wants to study business. This type of academic assignment belongs to the descriptive type. A writer should enhance it with the variety of real-life examples and personal experiences. â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay topic belong to the category of complicated topics. People working on this assignment have to possess critical thinking and analytical skills. Apart from that, the person has to be familiar with the basics of leading and launching a business. Apart from that, students preparing an essay on this theme should be able to provide strong arguments explaining why he wants to study business. One needs well-polished writing skills as well to be able to create a grammatically perfect assignment. Moreover, exists many nuances, which writer should bear in mind. It is necessary to treat this task seriously is a person wants to create a winning Why I want to study business† essay. How to write â€Å"Why I want to study business essay? The â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay belongs to the category of written assignments, which pose to a writer a clear task. The task is encoded in the very theme. A student has to provide a clear and distinct answer to the question of why he wants to study business. It may seem simple. However, the task is complex and requires the availability of profound writing experience and critical thinking skills. The work should be well structured, insightful and compelling.   To create a well-written composition, one has to be aware f several nuances helping a writer to succeed. Primarily, one has to analyze the title of the essay and decide on the issues he is going to focus. Take into consideration the target audience and the expectations of the scholarly supervisor. A task for students is to understand what he has to do and after that decide on the means and effective strategies that will help to reach the aim. It may also happen, that scholarly supervisors allow focussing on a specific aspect of â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay topic. In this case, a student has to decide on the specific issues that he will discuss throughout the whole essay. After that, one has to do research and gather enough material. It will serve as a solid ground for one’s paper. You can either use the web sources or consult the library. The primary task of this stage is to collect enough info for the future writing. It is also necessary to create a business plan outline for one’s writing to have a guide. It will allow you to organize all the ideas and order the arguments correctly. The last stage presupposes polishing the essay and eliminating all the mistakes. The structure of â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay Each academic assignment has its formatting and structural specificities. â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay is similar to the essay on any other topic and has the standard structure. This assignment has an introduction, main body, and conclusion. Each of these section has to encompass the necessary structural elements. The intro presents the first portion of information, which sees the target reader. That is why a writer has to make it catchy and informative so that the reader will be eager to continue reading. In the lead-in, an author has to provide background info and familiarize the reader with the topic allowing to get involved in reading. The last sentence of the intro is a thesis. It is the spine of the whole essay. That is why it should be disputable and thought-provoking. The following part is the main body. In this part, the task of the author is to include many strong arguments supporting the thesis. In â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay, one can provide persuasive reasons. Apart from that, you have to enhance each main body paragraph with real-life examples, which will serve as a support to your argument. You can tell about your experience in this field, about the prospects for the development and advantages, which you will receive after finishing the business school. The last structural part is the conclusion. In this block, one has to sum up all the ideas discussed. Moreover, the writer has to refer to the thesis or paraphrase it. It will allow to make the whole text cohesive and demonstrate the connection between all structural parts of the essay. Order Why I want to study business† essay on paperap.com The preparation of the â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay is a serious task. To compile a proper paper, a student to be knowledgeable in this field. What is more, one has to be experienced in writing and be able to think critically. For inexperienced students, this task may pose a real challenge. paperap.com is the business plan writing service offering help with the delivery of all types of written papers! We are the modern writing service offering assistance to all customer! The business plan service works 24/7, and you can turn at any time to get qualified help immediately! paperap.com is a credible website. We have earned the trust and respect of many users. People choose us, as we are credible and offer a considerable number of advantages. Primarily, the website hires the crew of advanced writers, who can quickly and effectively help writing the business plan and essay. They are familiar with all of the writing standards. You can control the whole writing process and make remarks. You may also apply for the unlimited number of revisions. It is possible to count on a refund in case if the final quality of the paper is not suitable for you. If you have questions or remarks, you can always turn to our support center. You will get an immediate response in a live chat regime. paperap.com is the best choice for you! Here you can get qualified assistance within the shortest terms. Contact us and make an order. Indicate all the details and demands. Pay for your order in advance, and we will immediately launch the preparation process. Contact us and get your â€Å"Why I want to study business† essay here!

English - Formative Narrative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - Formative Narrative - Essay Example This supposedly made him look evil. I guess he enjoyed that role. He was so enthusiastic that he started involving the congregation. While this young man was doing this, the choir was singing. The group of youth who was the choir was also part of the play. Their role was supposed to explain what this devil’ does to people. They did this through their lyrics. This means that the devil’ in the play never uttered a word. He kept on running to all corners of the church, making gestures that which the choir explained by the background music. I kept on watching all this in awe and some fear. For some reason, I never bothered to ask my mother what was happening. I tried to figure out what was going on notwithstanding my extremely tender age. At the back, of my mind, it felt like this guy; the devil’ was a dirty and awful guy. As long as the drama continued, fear rose within me. I remember looking around the church, and shockingly, people looked as nothing much was happe ning. In my opinion, we had a monster in the church and people acted as though all was well. Those made me cling on my mother more firmly. This happened whenever the devil was making his move towards me. For some reason, he never came frightfully near. That was particularly pertinent to me. I happened to be sitting near the aisle that divided the congregation into two parts. The people normally sat on wooden forms, and they had to squeeze each other because the space was small. This is the reason why most people sweat in the course of the church service. I noted that other small children who were around me had moved to aisle to that they could get a better glimpse of the play. They too were intrigued by the theatrics the devil’ was doing. Although I was scared to death by this horrifying being, I resolved to join the other young children at the aisle. I thought, for some reason; I could start to become as entertained by the play in the same way those children seemed to be. I cautiously dropped from my mother’s hands onto the floor. I never told her what I wanted. I think she sensed that I wanted to stand on my feet as opposed to being carried in the church. I made an extraordinarily careful move towards the aisle. I was genuinely frightened; however I wanted to have a better view of the play. Something kept on telling me to watch what was happening. The only problem was whether the devil’ could end up coming towards me. With much caution and apprehension, I walked to the aisle and peeped at the pulpit from the edge of the aisle. Everyone’s eyes were fixed on the play. The devil’ was far enough. That gave me the impetus to keep on watching. All of a sudden the devil made a fast move towards a decently dressed man in the congregation. My heart skipped a beat. But then, the young man rose on his feet and started to resist him. I thought to myself what a strong man?’ After a period of struggle, the devil backed off and run . I would later learn that the young man was supposed to demonstrate how believers should resist the devil. The bible says that depart from the evil, resist the devil, and he shall free form you’. That is what happened. The devil’ would pick different members of the congregation at random and seemingly try to attack them. He did this with such zeal, that I had been convinced that it was truly happening. In the choir, the singers were keeping on rebuking him and pointing at him. My defining moment finally came. With an extremely high speed, the devil suddenly was

Corporate strategy case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Corporate strategy case study - Essay Example In those days, cross-Channel travel was not dominated by the leisure business as it is today. It was used for military action and primarily for trade. Even at that time, around 100 years ago there was no dearth of proposals. Many people especially the French suggested highly sophisticated and technical ideas for the new link. However, because this was before invention of railways these tunnels were not surprisingly road tunnels. The Treaty of Canterbury which set the original ambitious objectives for the Tunnel stated that the Tunnel should "greatly improve communications between the United Kingdom and France and give fresh impetus to relations between the two countries, contribute to the development of relations and exchanges between the Member states of the European Communities and more generally between European States."2 2007 marked the completion of 13 years of an epic tale that has continued to shock, delight and confuse many. This is the story of the Euro tunnel which was a dream come true for many and many knew back then that it would be history in the making. The company is currently on a route to restructuring and revitalisation of the Eurotunnel. 2004 saw the company sink in its profits and revenues. Richard Shirrefs, chief executive of Eurotunnel, said that the cross-channel rail industry was working on a "failed business model" and that you can't have a 25bn infrastructure which is not generating enough traffic - this is a big structural problem' The Eurotunnel has disappointed its shareholders and owners. The debt crises have been alarming and the fact that the Eurotunnel has not been able to generate traffic is also hard on shareholders. Since debts amount to over 6 billion pounds it is difficult to see what the future of the company will look like. 4 Industry and Competitor Analysis The Eurotunnel is part of the Cross Channel Rail Industry. This industry is currently plagued with a lot of problems. One of these is overcapitalisation. There is a pound 10 billion Eurotunnel investment and pound 15 billion public investment. Secondly it has also been under utilised. It is suffering from under utilisation of expensive infrastructure and financial losses. The high access charge paid by vehicles using the Eurotunnel is limiting traffic. It is a highly fragmented channel because of a possibility of rail; ferry or air travels on this route and in conflict. Competition is set to soar by 2010. However, great opportunities abound this new invention. This is because it has been found that people prefer travelling by rail than plane across the channel. On the other hand there is a huge global opportunity for the cross channel rail industry as people find this medium increasingly convenient and fast. Current Strategy It was observed that the Eurotunnel has lost 25% of volume since 2000 and approximately 5 points of decline in market share. Secondly, the company has lost share even in the truck market with a fall in revenue as well as average yield per truck. Initially the Eurotunnel believed in premium pricing and established that if it keeps prices above its competition it will create a premium image and will thereby able to reap profits accordingly. This backfired. The competitors' low pricing strategy

Technology in Literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology in Literacy - Essay Example f civilization, as an individual can only progress if he or she has the ability to read and write, thereby gaining knowledge and experience about the dynamics of life and the world in general (Kemp 3). The definition of literacy does not stop at the ability to read and write, but extends to include the capacity of an individual to exercise all the knowledge and skills that they gain through reading and writing to shape the course of their lives, or draw up their destinies. As such, literacy becomes a flexible collection of closely linked strategies and skills to the context and purpose of learning and progress. In such a manner, technology comes in a revolutionary way to define the manner or style by which these individual acquire the capacity to read or write. The effect of technology under these considerations is whether it enables many people to acquire literacy, or spoils the same effort of literacy acquisition by exposing these individuals to knowledge and skills far beyond their understanding. In such a case, technology ends up being a pitfall rather than a ladder to the advancement of literacy in the modern world (Felderman and Vasquez 45). The research to establish the effect of technology in literacy used both qualitative, as well as, quantitative methods to discern the degree of influence. The participants in the research involved both the old and the young, in different geographical settings. A group of old men and women, both from town and from the rural settlements took part in the research, and similarly to the young boys and girls of the same age group and from different backgrounds. This enabled the researcher to collect the honest opinions of each side of the market and determine the true effects of technology in the advancement of literacy. Analysis of data was particular in establishing the level of gains made by literacy due to incorporation of technology, as well as, the negative effects of the inclusion of technology in the advancement of

South of US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

South of US - Essay Example The combination of hot and cold weather along with abundant quantity of rain makes the region one of the best places to conduct agricultural activities. Several states are labeled under the southern region of United States, some of these states include: Maryland, Virginia, Louisiana and 14 other states that form the over all southern regions of US. These states have experienced lower rates of immigration except the state of Texas and Florida and the common population of these states includes the Scottish and Irish individuals and those who are children of the African American slaves. The total population of these states in accordance to the statistics of 2010 was 114,555,744 individuals (Bureau of Economic and Business Research, 2010). The culture experienced in these states is very different in nature as compared to the rest of the US, the specialty of food that is made in these states include: barbecue, pork and pecan

World Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World Systems - Essay Example World systems are hence a system that has been developed by a historian Immanuel Wallerstein. He talked about economic forces interacting not within limits, rather on a global basis. This he said would be because of globalization and trade links throughout the world. However, he also said that the when world cannot be said to be in regards with this, rather it can be said that these changes and interactions can be talked to be about on a large scale. He gave the idea of the existence of three factors that shall be talked about in the following paragraphs. He related his ideas to capitalist and non-capitalist movements. He explained how certain societies developed while others did not because of their positions on world today and previously. These societies obviously in the context of social systems in accordance with world's systems approach. (Answers.com, n.d.) World systems theory does not come under social sciences by any way. It basically creates a wholesome form of a theory that takes into account economic, political and social characteristics and phenomenon that can be related to the events occurring throughout the world. Immanuel Wallerstein came up with this theory. His approach was very provocative and would focus on not just mere analytical proof rather on justifications related to psychological as well as ideological in nature. World systems approach aims at being a telescope rather than a microscope so as to focus on events and speculate accordingly. Global interaction is a main aim to understanding how events occur throughout the world. Wallerstein talked about world systems exiting in three categories. These categories being pertinent to specific areas places and countries. These three categories include the following: Core Periphery Semi-periphery The differences between rich and poor can be shown through the relationship that is depicted by core and periphery. This shows also, the income disparities that exist between the two. Semi periphery however, is more complex. It basically has a relationship with the others that is a little difficult to understand and relate to. Wallerstein overall had the grasp of all the key elements or categories and hence could then be used in the controlling forces that define the changes that occur initiating or maintaining changes and movement in the world. Wallerstein was one often first to think of a system that was different than the earlier developed theories relating to nations and countries and their movements or changes. He described how this theory can be used to study further how all global entities interact with each other. This theory was developed after the Marxist one. The latter provided concepts relating to how different individual units like each country go through each stage of functioning that is either development, sustaining or even in some cases under- development. Dependency theories as they were called would focus on "unequal exchange' that is richer countries would be forced into having trading partnerships with poorer countries so that transfer of excess surplus from the rich countries to the poor ones could take place. Theorists claiming and supporting such views were people by the names of Frank, Samir Amin, Celsu Fertudo, and Henrique Cordoso. (Sommers, 2005) Effects In and during this century, we can see the effects of world systems on events by various examples. For instance, world labor regime when developed it brought ILO or international Labor Organization to it. Now, when this

South of US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

South of US - Essay Example The combination of hot and cold weather along with abundant quantity of rain makes the region one of the best places to conduct agricultural activities. Several states are labeled under the southern region of United States, some of these states include: Maryland, Virginia, Louisiana and 14 other states that form the over all southern regions of US. These states have experienced lower rates of immigration except the state of Texas and Florida and the common population of these states includes the Scottish and Irish individuals and those who are children of the African American slaves. The total population of these states in accordance to the statistics of 2010 was 114,555,744 individuals (Bureau of Economic and Business Research, 2010). The culture experienced in these states is very different in nature as compared to the rest of the US, the specialty of food that is made in these states include: barbecue, pork and pecan

Devise an online lesson Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Devise an online lesson - Assignment Example This will greatly assist them in understanding and sharing of newly introduced concepts The plan will try to satisfy all the course objectives by helping students to expand their knowledge and grasp such key terminologies as pronunciation, nouns, verbs, tenses adverbs, vocabularies and many more others. The plan will also help the students appreciate English as a language and demystify any stereotypic beliefs surrounding it. The quote will depend on the topic of the day. Most quotes will be drawn from great thinkers like Aristotle, Hobbes and Rousseau. The quotes will help the students focus on the topic of the day and motivate them to complete their assignments within the provided time frame. Students will be instructed on which online methods to use during teaching. Some classes like pronunciation will require computer conferencing while others like tackling assignments will require World Wide Web. The three media above have been chosen because they will increase the speed at which students will converse with their instructor. They will also give them an opportunity to interact among themselves thus creating room form lively forums. Online communication is good because it helps the students open up and tell the instructor what they would have otherwise never said in an open classroom (Anderson, 2008). It also saves time and resources as students will not be required to appear physically in class. By so doing, they will be able to engage in other activities like spending time with their families and attending their jobs without any worry. The methods have also been chosen because of their ability to help students from different cultures interact and appreciate one another’s

The Glass Castle Essay Example for Free

The Glass Castle Essay The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls is an extremely shocking novel in that even it weren’t true the events in the story would still be shocking, but the fact that it is true makes it that much more disturbing. In the book Jeannette is on more than one occasion, a victim of sexual abuse. Although there is one event in particular that I found exceptionally troubling. And that is when Jeannette and her family are in their upper class house in Phoenix and innocently leave their doors and windows open. One night, random perverts sneak into their home and sexually assault the children. And it wouldn’t be so bad if Jeannette didn’t play it off as though it were nothing. She almost makes it seem like barely mentioning when she says that â€Å" I was awakened by someone running his hands over my private parts†(103). And the man who assaulted her had a book â€Å"with pictures of boys and girls wearing only underpants†(103). From the eyes of someone like I, who can make no connection with perverts other than the horrific news stories of rape and murder I occasionally hear about, this event is tremendously disturbing. When I read this part of the book I thought she was in mortal danger. I’ve never actually heard of someone sexually assaulting a child without it involving some sort of murder or kidnapping. It really goes to show she is familiar with perverts and wrongfully – or rightfully I’m not really sure – does not feel an extreme panic type of danger when dealing with pedophiles. This event teaches Jeannette what is really worth worrying about. After Rex and Jeannette go out she realizes this is like hunting Demon, â€Å" except the enemy was real and dangerous instead being the product of a kid’s overactive imagination. (103)† And it goes to show that a big reason why Jeannette is so mature and matures so quickly is due to the fact of her constant experience of traumatizing events and moments of extreme danger.

Health Disparities in New Zealand: A Literature Review

Health Disparities in New Zealand: A Literature Review Nateeh R. Cueva   Introduction Health is an integral part in the context of human existence. Each individual’s views regarding health and practices concerning healthcare vary depending on one’s historical, political and economic status, including the level of education, gender and personal experiences.[1] Hence, it is imperative to consider these aforementioned factors affecting health in the healthcare system. The principal objective of this paper is to review the specific historical, cultural, social, educational and economic backgrounds of the Maori people and each corresponding effects to healthcare approach. This paper also aims to investigate the imparity of the Maori and non-Maori health status. As several studies prove health disparities, this paper examines the actions taken to achieve equilibrium in healthcare service delivery among Maori and non-Maori people. Maori History and the Treaty of Waitangi New Zealand’s first east Polynesian settlers discovered the country during the 13th century, approximately 500 years before Europeans became aware of its existence.[2] The tribe is now known as Maori, meaning ‘original’, to characterize their distinction after the Europeans’ arrival. Due to lawlessness and the British government’s goal to protect trading interests, the Treaty of Waitangi was created and signed by several Maori chiefs and British Crown representatives. [3] The Treaty was translated into English and Maori versions containing three articles with substantial interpretation differences.[4] As explained by St. George (2013), the first article in the English version refers to sovereignty. It indicates transfer of power to the British Crown. However, Maori version conveys share of power. Maori used the term â€Å"kawanatanga†, which means setting up of British government without implicating transfer of authority. The second article chiefly safeguards property of rights, concerning â€Å"tino rangatiratanga† or chieftainship. Maori people are granted control and rights over their lands, woodlands, waters, fisheries and other properties in the English version. In contrast, Maori version denotes more extensive rights for Maori, including proprietary and reassurance of cultural and social items like language and villages. The third article warrants the Maori people equal rights as the British subjects. Regardless of the differences, the two versions of the Treaty are legitimate as they were both signed (St. George, 2013). Although protecting Maori health is part of the objectives of the Treaty, the population decline in the 1800’s proved past neglect on its principles. Basing on the data presented by Wishart (2012), Maori population went as low as 43,927 in 1886 while non-Maori migration constantly increased. The land wars between Maori and Pakeha (non-Maori) as well as the diseases introduced by the increasing migration had also caused devastating effects to Maori population (Durie, as cited in Kingi, 2007). After a major Maori protest, the Waitangi Tribunal was established in 1975 to investigate Crown breaches to the Treaty of Waitangi.[5] Its goal is to consider the principles of the Treaty upon making decisions rather than the mere conflicting interpretations of both English and Maori versions. This had led to compensation grants, return of lands and financial recompense to tribal authorities for economic development. Subsequently, the Maori population dramatically recovered to over half a million during the 20th century (St. George, 2013). St. George further elaborated that the Treaty has three key principles relating to Maori health: partnership, participation and protection. Partnership basically means working with Maori communities in developing strategic health care practices for the community. Participation is the act of involving the Maori people upon planning and during healthcare services delivery. Protection is ensuring equality on Maori and non-Maori health status while considering Maori cultural concepts, values, and practices. Culture and Impact on Health Culturally-based beliefs, values and attitude relating to health influence engagement to health-promoting activities and access to health services. As non-Maori population continuously surged, healthcare services became highly Pakeha-dominated.[6] This led Maori on becoming suspicious about health services rendered by hospitals because of cultural reasons. The Maori cultural health perspective is holistic. It comprises four cornerstones of health: wairua (spiritual), hinengaro (psychological), tinana (physical) and whà ¤nau (extended family).[7] Maori’s concepts of tapu (sacred, restricted) and noa (free from tapu or unrestricted), the basis of law and order during pre-European time, interrelate with today’s Maori health environment. In terms of daily activities, this entails that food (noa) should be placed separately from bodily functions like faeces (tapu). Practices and healthcare services that do not mirror these cultural concepts receive lesser support and often distress the Maori community. As Maori slowly embrace Pakeha-predominated health services, traditional Maori health practices largely remained (Lange, 2012). These health practices, though helpful in some cases, oftentimes risk patient safety and jeopardize medical treatment when opposed or delayed in consideration to cultural beliefs. Maori Socioeconomic Status and Health Socioeconomic status, basing on aspects such as income, education and occupation, is a fundamental element of health. Studies prove that favourable living condition is closely relevant to better health quality.[8] Health disparity can be brought about by material poverty, poor nutrition, mediocre housing standards and stress resulting from low social and economic status. Health services fees further hinder medical treatment access. Statistics New Zealand (as cited in Marie, Fergusson Boden, 2010) supports well documented studies proving that Maori are at greater socioeconomic disadvantage than any New Zealanders by ethnicity. This socioeconomic deprivation likely predisposes Maori to poor health conditions and limit healthcare access. Health Disparity and Inequality Regardless of the efforts to apply the Principles of the Treaty to health development, health inequality and disproportion among Maori and non-Maori is still evident. Studies prove that Maori are underprivileged in terms of health among any New Zealand ethnic groups, showing higher morbidity and mortality rates.[9] Blakely, Fawcett, Atkinson, Tobias and Cheung (as cited in St. George, 2013) stated that Maori infants have lower birth weight and die more frequently from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) than non-Maori. Brown (as cited in St. George, 2013) also added that Maori die eight to ten years earlier, on average, with avoidable death rates twice as much compared to non-Maori. New Zealand’s cancer death rate is greater than Australia, consisting of two thirds male Maori and one quarter Maori female deaths (Skegg and McCredie, as cited in St. George, 2013). Obesity in Maori community is also of greater proportion, contributing to higher rates of diabetes (Ministry of Heal th, as cited in St. George, 2013). These data show that Maori are more susceptible to illnesses and their lesser access to health services is detrimental. According to Durie (as cited in St. George, 2013), the suboptimal Maori health status pose negative effects on the community’s outlook of the healthcare system as a whole. This may lead to stereotyping healthcare system basing on their less suitable health situations and experiences. Studies further claimed Maori being treated differently in the healthcare setting. As per findings of the 2001—02 National Primary Medical Care Survey (as cited in St. George, 2013), doctors spent only 2 minutes out of 12 minute consultation time or 17% less time on caring for Maori than non-Maori patients. Racism also affects Maori health status (Harris, as cited in St. George, 2013), suggesting that the greater the number of racial discrimination experiences, Maori self perceived health status becomes lesser. Maori Health Development and Addressing Inequalities During the 20th century, eliminating inequalities became a considerable section of government health policy and statutory obligation of district health boards (Pollock, 2012). Social welfare policies and intersectoral activities promoting health equality such as retrofitting and housing insulation were implemented. The New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000 absolves the Treaty of Waitangi and Maori health (Blakely Simmers, 2011). Health programmes and healthcare service delivery focus on Maori and low socioeconomic people. Constant monitoring on health inequalities and research conduction allowed better understanding of health disparities and progress tracking. The increasing awareness on health inequalities concerning Maori people paved way to more improved funding on health services addressing deprivation and ethnicity. As a result, immunization rates soared, smoking cessation rates increased and improved Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk management.[10] The policies relevant to health equity strongly develop Maori health status and healthcare service access. Conclusion Health is indeed affected by several determining factors that can enhance or diminish quality of life. Historical, political, cultural, educational and socioeconomic backgrounds are crucial aspects to consider in delivering effective health services that support health equality. Looking into the health disparities affecting Maori people, it is unacceptable in the context of medical practice to provide partial health services basing on individual’s ethnicity, cultural beliefs, values and economic status. While it is a fact that traditional practices can hinder medical treatment and healthcare goal achievement, better ways and policies should be implemented to meet the greater Maori health needs. The Maori culture, being the first settlers in New Zealand, has become an indispensable component of the country’s society. For Maori to live longer, achieve healthier lives and contribute to the society at their utmost potential, the root causes of inequalities ought to be rightfully addressed. In the same manner, may the past mistakes and neglect be a grounding lesson to further strengthen the efforts to eliminate health disparities. May impartial health services prevail and be maintained for Maori, non-Maori and other ethnicity of different backgrounds alike. References Blakely, T., Simmers, D. (2011). Fact and action sheets on health inequalities. New Zealand Medical Association. Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/sites/all/files/Marmot_factsheets.pdf Capital and Coast District Health Board. (2009). Tikanga Mà ¤ori: A guide for healthcare workers. Retrieved from http://www.ccdhb.org.nz/news/Tikanga Maori.pdf Derby, M. (2012). Waitangi tribunal – te rÃ…Â pÃ…Â « whakamana. Te, Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-6. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/waitangi-tribunal-te-ropu- whakamana/page-1 Kingi, T. R. (2007). The treaty of Waitangi: A framework for MÄ ori health development. New Zealand Journal of Occupational Therapy, 54(1), 4-10. Retrieved from http://www.nzaot.com/downloads/contribute/TheTreatyofWaitangiAFrameworkforMaoriHealth.pdf Lange, R. (2014). Te hauora MÄ ori i mua – history of MÄ ori health Pre-European health. Te, Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-6. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/te-hauora-maori-i-mua-history-of-maori-health/page-1 Marie D., Fergusson, D.M., Boden, J.M. (2010). Does socio-economic inequality explain ethnic differences in nicotine dependence? Evidence from a New Zealand birth cohort. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, (44), 378-383. Retrieved from http://www.otago.ac.nz/christchurch/otago014477.pdf Meredith, P., Higgins, R. (2012). KÄ wanatanga – MÄ ori engagement with the state: Defining kÄ wanatanga. Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-5. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/kawanatanga-maori-engagement-with-the-state Health Promotion Forum of New Zealand. (2002). TUHA–NZ: A treaty understanding of Hauora in Aotearoa-New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.hauora.co.nz/assets/files/Maori/Tuhanzpdf.pdf New Zealand History. (2012). Differences between the texts: Read the treaty. Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/read-the-Treaty/differences-between-the-texts New Zealand History. (2012). Signing the treaty. Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/making-the-treaty/signing-the-treaty Pollock, K. (2012). Health and society: Socio-economic status, ethnicity and health inequality. Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-5. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/health-and-society St. George, I. (Ed.). (2013). Cole’s medical practice in New Zealand. New Zealand: Medical Council of New Zealand. Wilson, J. (2013). MÄ ori arrival and settlement. Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-7. Retrieved from http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/history/ Wishart, I. (2012). Waitangi researcher asked to lie by government agency. Investigate Daily. Retrieved from http://www.investigatemagazine.co.nz/Investigate/2717/waitangi- researcher-asked-to-lie-by-govt-agency/?doing_wp_cron=1401700328.4694170951843261718750 Glossary Hinengaro the mental health Kawanatanga governorship PÄ kehÄ  – non-Moari, usually of British ethnic origin Tinana the physical health Tino rangatiratanga absolute sovereignty Wairua the spiritual health Whà ¤nau extended family [1] Health Promotion Forum of New Zealand. (2002). TUHA–NZ: A treaty understanding of Hauora in Aotearoa-New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.hauora.co.nz/assets/files/Maori/Tuhanzpdf.pdf [2] Wilson, J. (2013). MÄ ori arrival and settlement. Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-7. Retrieved from http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/history/ [3] New Zealand History. (2012). Signing the treaty. Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/making-the-treaty/signing-the-treaty [4] New Zealand History. (2012). Differences between the texts: Read the treaty. Retrieved from http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/politics/treaty/read-the-Treaty/differences-between-the-texts [5] Derby, M. (2012). Waitangi tribunal – te rÃ…Â pÃ…Â « whakamana. Te, Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-6. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/waitangi-tribunal-te-ropu-whakamana/page-1 [6] Lange, R. (2014). Te hauora MÄ ori i mua – history of MÄ ori health Pre-European health. Te, Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-6. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/te-hauora-maori-i-mua-history-of-maori-health/page-1 [7] Capital and Coast District Health Board. (2009). Tikanga Mà ¤ori: A guide for healthcare workers. Retrieved from http://www.ccdhb.org.nz/news/Tikanga Maori.pdf [8] Pollock, K. (2012). Health and society: Socio-economic status, ethnicity and health inequality. Te Ara the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 1-5. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/health-and-society/page-2 [9] St. George, I. (Ed.). (2013). Cole’s medical practice in New Zealand. New Zealand: Medical Council of New Zealand. [10] Blakely, T., Simmers, D. (2011). Fact and action sheets on health inequalities. New Zealand Medical Association. Retrieved from http://www.nzma.org.nz/sites/all/files/Marmot_factsheets.pdf

The Truth Of Dreams :: essays research papers

Dreams, what are dreams? For many years I have wondered what dreams are made of. After much thought and deliberation I have stumbled upon three possible answers to this question. First of all, I think it could be a period of total escape from reality and all of the problems that reality brings with it. Second, I believe that dreams provide a time of contemplation of past mistakes and what would have been the outcome if a different choice would have been made. Third, I think dreams may contain the simple answers to difficult problems which the mind overlooked and disregarded as to basic of a solution for such a complex problem.The day is stressful, and through the day one does not always have a time to rest and relax. Dreams provide a way to relive this stress. It does this by allowing the mind to escape to anywhere it desires. Thus allowing eight hours to be anything one’s heart wants and needs. Dreams may be the only way for one to live out their â€Å"dreams.†We all know we make mistakes, we can not help but to make mistakes, it is human nature. Dreams provide us with an open opportunity to look back and analyze the mistake and choice. Looking close at a mistake and its eventual consequences along with the choices one did not make and consciences one did not receive provides us with a golden opportunity to not make the same mistake again.Answers, everyone needs answers to one’s problems to live. Problems from where one will find one’s next meal to what sort of life is in the outer most part of the solar system. All day long the brain thinks of very complex answers to these highly complex problems. Sometimes, and only sometimes the simple answer is better than the complex answer, but if one is looking for the complex answer how can one find the simple answer? Dreams, while asleep one’s brain can not function on the same level as when one is awake. Therefore, when one is asleep and is still looking for the answer one will not have any other except the simple answer to think about. This will show one the correct answer so one will have it when one wakes up the next morning.

Organizational Theory Applied to the Retail Industry Essay -- Essays P

Organizational Theory Applied to the Retail Industry PART I Introduction Antonio’s, as it will be referred to for confidentiality purposes from here on in, is a retail shoe store that operates in Fredericton, N.B.. It is part of an open system. This company originated in Montreal, Quebec. The head office is now located there and retail outlets are located throughout Canada, the United States and parts of Europe. The market in which this company operates may be considered a division of the fashion industry. This industry is known for being highly competitive and dynamic. Also for obvious reasons many companies within it concern themselves with company image. This particular shoe company has been in existence since the early 1990’s. Antonio’s has grown significantly and is currently a leader in the shoe industry, even on an internationally level. It produces quality shoes at a reasonable price. From its beginnings until now Antonio’s has been operating in the formation stage. This company has met with great success, though, and has grown quickly. It now faces the task of moving into the growth stage. Antonio’s must be careful in managing every aspect of its company now in order to survive. Since the industry in which Antonio’s operates is very image oriented a key issue in moving from the formation to growth stage that must be discussed is company culture. In this situation â€Å"managed† (as it is referred to in its most popular definition) means changed. In order to manage the company culture through the move from stage to stage in the life cycle of this organization the culture within the current stage, the formation stage, must be discussed. The culture, in my opinion, must be managed as it currently has a negative impact on the organizational effectiveness. The organizational effectiveness as a result of culture must analyzed in order to determine if in fact it does have a negative impact on the company, if so, it must be managed for the sake of the company’s survival in the growth stage. PART II Analysis of current company culture The current culture existing in Antonio’s organization is effective according to most of the strict definition meanings. It is not particularly strong, this is because most organizations which are young or have constant turnover (Antonio’s finds both of these things to be t... ...ething so shallow as their appearance. Thus in the long run they are indirectly and unintentionally promoting organization decline by doing this. PART III Conclusion In my opinion the main problem that exists within this organization is the fact that Antonio’s fits into a certain aspect of the Competing Values approach mentioned above to a greater extent than need be. They take organization culture too far despite the fact that it is very well fitted to its industry. My experiences there as an employee were not all negative yet many I did have made me feel very unappreciated and worthless within the organization. A stress on this particular type of culture results in high turn over. This will ultimately lessen the chances of survival for the organization as it moves through the stages of the life cycle. If this culture persists, Antonio’s will be run by disloyal employees who purposely defy it costing them time and money in the long run. It will have a damaging effect on their so preciously held reputation and this will not fair well for them considering the competitive nature of the fashion industry. Bibliography: Robbins. Organizational Theory

Pay for Play: College Athletes Deserve Payment Essay

Although many college athletes receive a free education in exchange for playing a sport, it’s not enough. The sports industry, college football specifically, is a multimillion dollar business. The athletes who participate in this multimillion dollar business are primarily why the business does so well. Student athletes should receive a monetary compensation for their work. There are quite a few reasons to support college athletes making a type of monetary compensation. A few of the reasons include the dangers of playing sports, how expensive college is, and how much the programs make annually. College football athletes â€Å"leave it all on the field† when they compete. Many players would say â€Å"blood, sweat, and tears were shed for their schools.† In return, shouldn’t they deserve compensation in the form of a stipend? Joe Nocera of The New York Times said the top 15 highest-paid NCAA division 1 football coaches made $53.4 million; meanwhile, the 13,866 Division 1 players made $0. The definition of an amateur is an athlete who has never accepted money, or who accepts money under restriction specified by a regulatory body, in this case the National Collegiate Athletic Association, for participating in a competition (FreeDictionary.com). The problem the NCAA has with paying their student athletes for their work on the field is that it would no longer be considered an amateur sport which goes against tradition (NCAA Board of Directors, ESPN.com). Historically speaking, programs didn’t make $100 million dollars 100 years ago. The NCAA is relucta nt to share revenue with their student athletes in an effort to keep it all for themselves (Tom Farrey – ESPN Writer). The times have changed and student athletes deserve to get paid. College education is not cheap under any circumstance. The average cost of in-state resident tuitions and fees for a four year degree is approximately $40,000 (Savingforcollege.com). The cost of tuition is going up every year with an average increase of 6%. Here we can break down the numbers in a general sense to see how much a student athlete â€Å"makes† with a free four year scholarship. Nocera also mentioned student athletes participate in approximately 50 hours a week in football related activities. For example, practice, film studying, team meetings, working out, and games. 50 hours a week, at 52 weeks per year, multiplied by 4 years comes out to 10,400 hours. $40,000 divided by 10,400 hours comes out to $3.85 an hour. $3.85 is lower than the national average for minimum wage, which is about $7.25. This number of 50 hours per week is just time spent on the sport. This time doesn’t include the school portion, which is supposed to be why the student athletes are there. Presented with this kind of data, anyone could tell that college athletes are being â€Å"underpaid.† Now that we know how much student athletes â€Å"make,† we can take a look at how much universities profit from their student athletes. According to ESPN in 2008, the top 10 universities in college football reported revenues of $100 million on average (ESPN.com). The lower 10 schools in revenue make around $15 million. There are 120 Division 1 schools in college football. $5.4 billion dollars is the approximate revenue for one year of Division 1 college football. This number is alarming. Students are the focal points of this business and they do not receive any part of the revenue? Strictly speaking of per institute, the NCAA should govern a system that collected a form of tax from each university that would be substantial to paying student athletes. They wouldn’t need to pay the student millions of dollars because, let’s face it, the student athletes are not professionals. If they were to get paid an additional $5,000 for the season their sport was in, the total amount paid to the students in comparison to revenue would still be less than 1% (Personal calculation via ESPN data). Another reason to consider payment for student athletes is the potential risk of injury. Professional athletes get paid hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars and have players unions to protect them in case of serious injury. There are many associated risks with every sport; with football it seems there are more than most sports. The very nature of football is very violent; violence is what makes football so popular in America. The most popular sports are those with an associated violent contact such as hockey, football, and mixed martial arts (cbsnews.com). The advancement of safety equipment for football players is heavily debated. Every year the administration of both the National Football League and the NCAA is striving to make the sport safer for its players. The potential injuries from football include everything imaginable to include broken bones, paralysis, brain damage, tearing of ligaments, and other neurological problems that can affect someone for the rest of their lives. Recent studies show traumatic brain injury is the result of multiple concussions over the lifespan of a player (civtrial.com/traumatic-brain-suicide). Junor Seau, an all-pro NFL linebacker, recently committed suicide due to brain injuries he sustained from playing a 10+ year career in the NFL (NFL.com/Family-sues-NFL). More and more studies are linking mental health problems to concussions acquired in violent sports. The student athletes need something more if they were to be irreparably damaged for life. The amount of money they could be paid could go into a fund dedicated to helping them later in life. The students put their future on the line while playing these sports; they deserve to get compensated for their efforts. College athletes deserve to be paid for their sacrifices. Universities make millions of dollars on a yearly basis. University of Michigan’s ticket sales for one season of college football can pay for their entire athletic program (MGOBlue.com). The student athletes are responsible for themselves and their university’s image as a whole. Traditionally speaking they are amateurs, but recently with the rise in popularity of college football, they are more than that. They are stars and they deserve at least a reasonable amount of monetary compensation. The NCAA should govern a system to pay their student athletes because they deserve it.

Honor Thy Children Essay

Overall the book Honor Thy Children by Molly Fumia was great. There were points in this book that just tugged at my heart. For example when the Nakatani’s found out that their middle son Greg was shot and killed. There were also points in this book that I felt if I had been in their position, I would be in a great deal of pain and misery and would not know how to work through all that had happened. I thought that Al and Jane were brave parents to endure the deaths of their three sons. This book by far was the most interesting non-fiction book I have read. This book would move the heart of any person that read it. The best thing about this book by far is how the parents have persevered throughout all these events that has happened to their family. From the running away of Glen, the murder of their son Greg, the finding out that their sons Glen and Guy were gay and their contraction of HIV, and also the death of them. They had to have heavy hearts after all of this happened, and yet they still go through all the HIV campaigning to show us how dangerous this disease is. A thing I did not like about this book is that there were very little happy things that happened to this family. I also thought that it was hard to keep track of the Nakatani’s children because all of their names were so similar. If I were to grade this book, I would give it an A++ because this is a very good book and shows that humans have the will to push through any obstacle. Even though they have gone through all of that God did not give them a break and show them mercy. Despite their hard troubles, they pushed through all the sadness and despair and turned it around to help other people not make the same mistakes as them. This would definitely be a book I would recommend to people because there are very good life lessons in it. For instance, there is a limit to strict parenting, choosing your words correctly (Greg), and when faced with the worst of situations there is always something you can do about it. It also demonstrates that when a child is is pain and dying, parents always want to try and help to do what’s best for them, even at the expense of their own self. I think this book would be for ages 15 and up because there are things that would be hard to understand for someone of a young age. Also I feel that the person reading it should have some respect for gays, lesbians, etc. otherwise reading this book would be pointless. The book and movie were great to say the least. It taught me to accept who you are and that death is not the end. Memories can carry on and teach others how to deal with the loss of your loved ones. This book allowed me to take a glimpse into the Nakatani’s life and how they dealt with the loss and the grief that followed. Honor Thy Children taught me that no matter what life throws at you there are always ways to overcome these challenges. The thing I thought was most interesting was Guy will to go out to speak even while confined to a wheelchair. He had the courage to go out in the state he was in and speak. The person I identify most with in this story would be Greg. I identify with Greg the most because he was the middle son, a macho, speak his mind kind of person. The person I would identify least with would be Guy. I identify least with him because if I had gotten HIV and knew I was dying I would probably hate the world and seclude myself and not really try to do anything. This book did not really impact my life because even though it was a great book, it did not really apply that much to my life. I think that, because I have not had something similar happen to me, I have no gay or lesbian friends and I also do not know anyone with a serious disease. I think that the only things that would apply to me would be the Asian/Hawaiian culture, the dealing with the death of a loved one, and parenting. Their culture is exactly like mine because I am Japanese and I was born and raised in Hawaii. In our culture we are taught to respect your elders and listen to them. I also felt that the Nakatani’s dealt with the death of their sons better than I would have. When my brother and grandparents died I had a hard time and at some points I went through a period of depression that lasted a month in which I did not attend. It made me feel that I should have been a better grandchild and brother because I caused them a lot of trouble. The parenting part got to me because I was lucky that my parents, who were somewhat strict, were not as strict as the Nakatani’s. This helped me learn to appreciate my parents more.

Personal Family History Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Family History Assignment - Essay Example The National Geographic with its partners has taken it upon themselves to extensively provide an answer to this question. Through the ‘Human Genome Project,’ they have mjapped out a landmark undertaking to understand how different people ended up where they are today. In this study, they have found that all human beings descended from African ancestors approximately 60, 000 years ago. In essence, this is where we all started. The Genographic Project imparts details of ancient migration. Headed by Dr. Spencer Wells and his team of international scientists including IBM researchers, they have exhausted genetic computational technologies to investigate DNA patterns from participants around the globe (National Geographic Society, â€Å"A Landmark Study of the Human Journey†). What makes this interesting is the stories unraveled through the course of the project. Furthermore, public participation is encouraged where those who willingly submitted, through their DNA samples has found interesting trivia about themselves. Most of the results stunned the participants. One daughter even commented how her father who had already passed away was assured he was partly Nordic because of his blond hair and blue eyes. He was so sure that he even claimed his ancestors were Vikings. It turns out that he belongs to the haplogroup which points out that they are Phoenicians. A result so far off than what they initially thought and led to further interest among the family to continue the quest for their ancestry (The Human Family Tree Migration Stories, par. 1, 2009). Even the history of California suggests of its amalgamated history which contributes to the hodgepodge of people that inhabits it. From being a Mexican province, people never thought it would be a territorial state until 10 days prior to the Mexican Cession, James W. Marshall, a New Jersey born mechanic, together with John A.

Deterrence Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Deterrence - Term Paper Example Deterrence injects that fear of punishment into the minds of the people that keeps them away from committing crimes. One of the great aspects of deterrence is that it seeks to target the potential crimes before they actually happen. Deterrence theory underlies the act of crime prevention. This theory is based on the concept that a person will be deterred from committing any sort of crime, if he is aware of the consequences of committing a crime. Deterrence theory promotes the concept that every person understands the difference between a right act and a wrong act. This theory of criminology is founded on the belief that a person does not commit a crime if the consequences of the crime outweigh the crime’s benefits. Deterrence is a concept that relates to the criminal justice system and keeps the citizens safe from different kinds of crimes. Correctional sanctions have played a considerable role in reducing the crime rate in almost every country of the word. Application of correctional sanctions is an attempt to prevent the criminals from committing any sort of crime by injecting the sense of consequences into the minds of the criminals. The fear of punishment makes a person think twice before committing a crime. Correctional sanctions include such measures that have really proved to be very successful in reducing the crime rate in every part of the world. Some of the most useful measures include incarceration, punishments, and long sentences. â€Å"Punishments such as imprisonment are very useful mechanisms for deterring criminal activity† (Lynch, 1999). One of the most important tasks of the government of any country should be to create the fear of punishment in the minds of criminals in order to prevent them from carrying out a criminal activity. One of the benefits, which come from the implementation of correctional sanctions, is removal of the fear of crimes and violence